In the modern enterprise, the chief information security officer (CISO) holds the responsibility for security culture, technology, and posture. This role, however, is not an easy one. While senior business leaders and boards of directors acknowledge that cybersecurity is a critical risk, they face challenges in determining its importance compared to other factors such as credit, liquidity, and market risk. Identifying risk is no longer enough; security leaders must now be equipped with information that justifies investments, working hours, and most importantly, budget allocation.
To better address these priorities, CISOs can take several measures to support themselves. One crucial aspect is adopting a more holistic approach to evaluation and prevention. This approach encompasses multiple facets, including people, processes, and technology, while cultivating a culture of prevention and response.
The cybersecurity landscape has significantly evolved over the past few years. The Equifax leak, which occurred six years ago, served as a turning point in shaping the cybersecurity attitudes of the current era. It highlighted that every individual and company is a potential target, urging organizations to reevaluate how they store, access, and protect information. In the present day, threat awareness has increased across industries; however, criminals and nation-state actors have also become more motivated than ever. Today’s threats surpass the scale and effectiveness of previous schemes, with criminals increasingly relying on ransomware, business email compromise (BEC), and extortion tactics. On the other hand, nation-state actors are primarily focused on critical infrastructure and intellectual property theft. Adding to the complexity is the utilization of artificial intelligence by criminals, who exploit the vulnerabilities of understaffed organizations.
In light of these challenges, prevention and response strategies are crucial for CISOs. Simply deploying technology solutions without establishing the necessary infrastructure or training to support staff is not sufficient. A holistic approach to prevention entails training individuals to recognize phishing and social engineering schemes, collaborating closely with IT teams for patching and process-oriented work, and implementing technology that provides visibility across the organization. Additionally, responding to threats demands a well-defined plan that is frequently exercised, including participation from top-line executives and occasionally even board members. Cyber-insurance plans often include breach coaches who can assist in designing and implementing response protocols, making them a valuable asset in preparing response plans.
Security leadership roles have expanded to encompass various new capabilities. Risk management facilitation allows for the identification and communication of key security risks in business terms, advising business leaders and boards on cyber-risk. Protection services cover physical security, noncyber incidents, workplace violence, business continuity management (BCM), and crisis management. Operational security focuses on safeguarding critical infrastructure, such as plants, machinery, and industrial control systems. Data protection and privacy entail compliance with regulations like GDPR and CCPA. Cyber resilience includes functions such as threat and vulnerability management, response and recovery, continuity planning, DevOps continuity, and application security. Transversal auditing ensures that security remains emphasized and understood throughout the organization. External client management demonstrates the company’s commitment to data protection and security, aiding in customer acquisition and retention.
To further support the security program within the organization, many CISOs are implementing the role of a business information security officer (BISO). The BISO serves as the regional security ambassador, acting as the go-to person for security within each business line or region. They ensure compliance with security policies, educate the organization on cyber-risk and accountability, and reconcile security protocols with user experience and new business initiatives.
In conclusion, the primary role of a CISO is to build relationships and establish partnerships with peers. Investing in training to develop and nurture these skills is essential for business continuity and operational success in challenging times. Moreover, security cannot be left solely in the hands of the CISO. With the rapid evolution of technology, business, and the threat landscape, security has become intrinsic to every aspect of the company’s operations and deserves the attention and involvement of all stakeholders. By adopting a holistic approach to evaluation and prevention, CISOs can effectively navigate these priorities and ensure the overall security of the organization.