The United States, a powerhouse in artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, faces a crucial moment in maintaining its global leadership amidst rising competition. A recent report by the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization revealed that China has been aggressively filing generative AI patents, signaling a significant push to dominate AI advancement. This surge in patent activity by China underscores the urgent need for the US to ramp up its research and development efforts to stay ahead in the global AI race.

To address this challenge and sustain its competitive edge, the US federal government must focus on three strategic AI research and development priorities that enhance cyber resilience and national defense:

1. Clarifying the Definitions of Key AI-Related Terms:
Ambiguity and inconsistency in AI terminology pose significant risks and challenges, hindering the responsible use of AI. By standardizing key terms like “AI security” and “trustworthy AI,” the US can promote secure development practices and address emerging challenges in AI usage. Collaborative efforts involving academia, industry, and government stakeholders are crucial in developing a comprehensive and nuanced taxonomy that protects national security and promotes cyber resilience.

2. Developing a Scientific Understanding of AI:
A deep scientific understanding of AI’s capabilities and limitations is essential for assessing its impact and countering adversarial threats. Research efforts must focus on measuring AI’s safety and reliability throughout its life cycle to ensure accurate risk assessments and continuous improvement. Agencies like the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in collaboration with industry and academia, can lead efforts to enhance national cybersecurity defenses by ensuring the safety and effectiveness of AI systems under various conditions.

3. Developing AI Standards Adhering to US Mission and Values:
Establishing AI standards that align with American values such as transparency and accountability is critical for national security. Clear standards are needed to guide ethical and secure deployment of AI technologies, particularly in the intelligence community. Research and development initiatives can identify best practices and create frameworks that ensure AI advancements are in line with American values, strengthening national security and cybersecurity.

Policymakers have already made significant investments in advancing AI for national security, but targeted legislative measures and coordinated efforts are necessary to maintain focus and strategic alignment. By prioritizing the clarification of key AI-related terms, building a scientific understanding of AI, and establishing AI standards that reflect US values, the United States can continue its momentum in AI advancements and meet cyber resilience and national defense imperatives effectively.

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